With the excavations developing for deep and large,the control of the excavations deformation become very stringent and the deformation control of excavation have became the primary factor in excavations design.This paper has analyzed muti-factors in excavations' design basing on the single-factor,an orthogonal design test of excavation deformation is carried out considering 8 factors and 4 levels in FEM simulation.Analysis of 4 indexes of the ground settlement,foundation settlement disparity,maximal lateral displacement of wall and upheaval in the bottom of the excavation are made, discussing the sensitivity and eminence of these factors.It is concluded that the strut distance,excavation depth and the soil stiffness are the main parameters which control the excavations deformation, while other parameters have little influence on excavations deformation