In order to study the influence of the temperature change on load characteristics of pile foundation in permafrost region, this paper analyze the effects of different temperatures on the mechanical behavior of pile foundation under earthquake by using MIDAS/GTS finite element analysis software. The characteristic values, the relative displacement and bending moment curve under the condition of different models were obtained through numerical calculations. Combining with the actual value of comparative analysis, the results showed that increase of temperature has great effect on pile foundation during earthquake, pile foundation is easy to be broken.