The Hunan Chenzhou and Xinhua graphite with different graphitization degree were oxidized by the modified Hummers method usingdifferent amounts of oxidizingagent(KMnO₄),X-ray diffraction (XRD),Scanning electron microscope(SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy(Raman),Transmission electron microscopy (TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),The testing methods were used to study the structure of graphite samples and their oxidation products.The results showed that the hydroxyl group (C-OH), ethylene (C-O-C) and carboxyl group (COOH) were connected to the graphite layersduring the course of oxidation, but the graphite with lower graphitization degree was easier to be oxidized when the amount of usedKMnO₄ is lower;While the graphite with higher graphitization degree was easier to be oxidized when using more oxidizing agent.With the increase of the amount of KMnO₄, the structure disorder degree of the two kinds of graphite increased gradually.But under the same amount of KMnO₄, the oxidation productof graphitewith low graphitization degree had higher degree of disorder.It can be speculated that:On the one hand,the contact area ofgraphite with potassium permanganate and solution is larger due to the particle size of graphite with low-degree of metamorphismis smaller;On the other hand, the graphite with low degree of graphitization has more C -C and easily oxidizeddue to its high chemical activity.