The lateral inertial effect of the pile is considered on the basis of one-dimensional bar, coupling vibration equation of large diameter pile and three-dimensional continuum soil is established, and the semi-analytical solution of time response of large diameter pile is obtained. The dynamic effects of the parameters of the large diameter pile on the pile-soil system are analyzed. Then, the large-diameter model piles are tested in laboratory, and the small-strain exciting force is applied to the top of the model piles. The pile top data are collected by the EPPDS wireless piles dynamometer. The correlation parameter are analyzed by changing the diameter of the model pile and the pile body material. The results of theoretical calculations are compared with the experimental data to verify the correctness of analytical solution and the reliability of practical guidance.