Recycled aggregate concrete is prepared by using waste concrete processing as regenerated fine aggregate, and three kinds of water-to-binder ratio are arranged with variable rate of regeneration fine aggregate replacement. The influence of aggregate replacement rate on the elastic modulus of brickrich recycled concrete and the relationship between ultrasonic wave velocity and elastic modulus are investigated through concrete standard elastic modulus test method, constitutive relationship test method and ultrasonic non-destructive testing. The results show the slope of the secant of the rising section of the stress-strain curve is the same as the variation of the elastic modulus of the recycled concrete with the change rate of the regenerated fine aggregate, which is consistent with the change of the elastic modulus test. When the replacement rate is 30%, the best condition is achieved. The calculation model of the relationship between compressive strength and elastic modulus of brick-recycled concrete cubes is proposed by taking the replacement rate of recycled fine aggregates as the influencing factors, and the ultrasonic wave velocity and the elastic modulus of recycled concrete are fitted.