Aiming at the problem that water droplets interfere with each other when they impact aircraft surface, resulting in dynamic behaviors such as spreading and rebound of water droplets, which makes aircraft icing mechanism more complicated. Therefore, in this paper, the influence characteristics of water droplets hitting the wall under different conditions are studied. The relationship between the droplet diameter, the wall temperature, the wall material, the initial velocity and the droplet spreading and springback process is studied by combining experimental and numerical methods, and the correlation formula between the spreading coefficient and the influential parameters is obtained. The results show that increasing droplet diameter can promote the maximum spread. The higher the wall temperature is, the more favorable the droplet spreading is. However, when the wall temperature is relatively low, the droplet bottom freezes while the spreading and rebound are restricted. It is also shown that the wall material is plexiglass, which is the most favorable for spreading, and that the larger the initial droplet velocity is, the better the droplet spreading is.