To gain a deeper understanding of the influence of shield tunneling vibration on different strata, on-site vibration signal monitoring was conducted under typical working conditions of shield machines in soft strata, strata with soft upper and hard lower layers, and medium-hard sandstone strata, taking a certain shield construction project as an example. When analyzing the vibration signals, consi-dering the instantaneous non-stationarity of the vibration signals during shield construction and the adaptive advantages of the Hilbert-Huang Transform analysis method, the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) method was used to deeply analyze the vibration signals at the measurement points in the three strata. The analysis results show that the vibration signal frequencies of shield construction in the three rock strata mainly concentrate in the range of 0 to 185 Hz, and in the EMD components of the signals, the Intrinsic Mode Function (IMF) 2 to 4 frequency band components dominate, covering the majority of the signal energy. During the shield tunneling process, the instantaneous energy range and the main vibration frequency band of each stratum are approximately the same. As the stratum type gradually changes from soft rock to hard rock, the shear wave velocity of the stratum gradually increases, and the peak value of the instantaneous energy of the stratum vibration also gradually increases. Among the three strata, the hard rock stratum has the largest energy, the medium-hard rock stratum has the second largest energy, and the soft soil stratum has the smallest energy.