Based on foundation pit project near high-speed railway bridge pier in China, a twodimensional finite- element model is established by numerical analysis method, and the influences of four factors on the deformation of high-speed railway bridge piers are discussed:the insertion ratio of envelope structure, inner supports, isolation pile and distance of foundation pit from pier. The results show that the insertion ratio has little effect on the maximum deformation of the horizontal displacement and the overall settlement of the pier; the inner supports can reduce the settlement and horizontal displacement of the pier, increasing the number of inner supports has little effect on deformation; the isolation pile cannot reduce the deformation; distance affects both horizontal displacement and overall settlement, but has little effect on the settlement difference.