Combined with the characteristic of rural residential building in north China, the energy consumption of a typical design of a building was simulated by the software DeST to gain different types of building's annual energy consumption of air conditioning, annual heating energy consumption and the annual total energy consumption of air conditioning and heating. Then, this paper research the changing regulation of them under the influence of window-wall ratio with different orientations, different material the window, whether shading. The results show that the total energy consumption index showed a trend of growth with increase of window-wall ratio in east, west, north. and could try to reduce window-wall ratio; The total energy consumption index is on the decline with increase of window-wall ratio in south; shading on outside the window and using the window which heat transfer performance is good can reduce influence of the window-wall ratio on the whole year energy consumption. so can appropriately increase the window -wall ratio on south of building.