Defining the central city of Nanyang central city as the subject and basing on the space syntax theory and methods of spatial analysis to establish a scientific model of analysis and comparison of visual images and spatial form variable values, this paper summed up some characteristics and rules of the spatial evolution of Nanyang from 1955 to 2015. The results show that the urban space change from single center to multi center urban development patterns of progressive and the White River plays an important role in urban spatial structure evolution; urban main axis of the first in the history of the city is Xinhua Road, then gradually transit to the north and South Dushan Avenue and the urban space structure become the "liberal hub" type space structure controlled by multi axis.