In view of soil deformation in land subsidence, compression-rebound tests of different soils (sand, silt and clay) in different states were carried out. Based on the study of soil deformation mechanism of relevant soils, the compression-rebound characteristics of different soils were studied. The main conclusions are as follows: the compression deformation of sand is the most significant, followed by silt, and finally clay. The deformation of sand is characterized by small initial deformation and large later deformation. On the contrary, the deformation of silt and clay mainly occurred in the early stage. The deformation of three kinds of soil is mainly irreversible, and the deformation of clay has obvious hysteresis. The deformation of sand mainly comes from the remolding of sand structure, clay comes from the remolding of structure and redistribution of water, and silt is similar to clay.