Experimental studies on the effects of the replacement rates of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and the initial stress levels on the sulfate corrosion resistance of recycled concrete were carried out. Results show that when the replacement rate of RCA (denoted as ρ_r) increases step by step, the corrosion depth and mass loss rate of recycled concrete increase, and the mechanical properties including compressive strength and dynamic elastic modulus gradually decrease. The influence of initial stress damage on concrete can be divided into two types. Firstly, the initial stress damage has a threshold effect on the corrosion depth and mass loss rate of recycled concrete. Only when the initial damage degree is greater than 0.2, the corrosion depth and mass loss rate of concrete increase obviously with the increase of damage degree. Secondly, for the mechanical properties of recycled concrete, both the compressive strength and dynamic elastic modulus will deteriorate with the increase of initial damage.