In order to study the influence of clay particles on the occurrence and development of pipe gushing and the mechanical properties after the failure of pipe gushing, soil samples with different clay content were arranged to simulate indoor pipe gushing test, and the damaged soil samples were taken for triaxial compression test. The results show that:(1) There is a negative correlation between the critical hydraulic gradient of clay soils and the hydraulic gradient at the beginning of piping failure and the clay content. The velocity of destruction was positively correlated with the clay content.(2) The deeper the soil layer is, the greater the loss of fine particles, the greater the strength loss, and the less obvious the strain softening trend of the soil is.(3) The clay content promotes the loss of fine particles in soil, making the strength loss of soil samples containing clay particles greater after pipe gushing.The greater the viscosity content, the more obvious the promotion effect and the greater the strength loss.