In order to study the fracture initiation behavior in the near-wellbore area, hydraulic fracturing tests were carried out by uniaxial hydraulic fracturing equipment. The results show that the injection rate has a significant influence on the initiation time of fractures in the near-wellbore range. And the initiation time decreases with the increase of injection rate. The influence of injection rate on fracture initiation pressure can be ignored. Fracture initiation has strong correlation with the total amount of injection fluid. Besides, the roughness of fracture surface was analyzed through image comparison. The results show that the roughness of fracture surface is different along different positions. The roughness of fracture surface is larger along bedding plane.