Blended teaching, as a model that complements the advantages of both online and offline approaches, provides a significant opportunity for the reform of the ammunition course in engineering universities. Given the course’s characteristics of strong specialization, high practicality, and strict information confidentiality, a dual-track teaching system of "theoretical online learning and localized practical training" is constructed to achieve the goals of knowledge transmission, skill cultivation, and competency enhancement. Firstly, based on the disciplinary characteristics of ammunition science and the demands for talent development, the three dimensions of knowledge, skills, and competency are clearly defined. Secondly, by integrating online resources, conducting offline practical operations, reinforcing knowledge, and implementing scientific assessments, a closed-loop teaching system that deeply integrates theory and practice is established. On this basis, bibliometric analysis is used to identify research hotspots, and the ID3 decision tree algorithm is applied to enable intelligent recommendation of online resources and dynamic optimization of teaching strategies. Research results indicate that blended teaching significantly enhances students’ depth of theoretical understanding and practical innovation capabilities, providing theoretical and practical references for the reform of military engineering courses.