In his later years, Hu Qiaomu had in-depth and systematic thinking on how to strengthen and improve the party's leadership of literature and art work and realize the party's correct and scientific leadership of literature and art work. He believes that the party's leadership over literature and art work in the new era can only be strengthened and not weakened; the party's leadership over literature and art work is mainly the direction of its development. It is necessary to hold high the banner of socialist literature and clarify the relationship between literature and art and politics, literary party spirit and literary tendencies, as well as the relationship between the party's leadership and literary and artistic undertakings. It is believed that the party's leadership over literary and artistic undertakings is mainly reflected in the formulation and implementation of policies, as well as in serving and guiding the literary and artistic circles to make correct criticism and self-criticism.