Introduction to Criticism of Hegel’s Philosophy of Law and On the Jewish Question are the starting point of Marx’s criticism of law into the development path of “universal human liberation”. Criticism of law is an important form of political criticism, and the study of Marx’s criticism of law needs to be examined in the context of the development history of law. The formal opposition between historical jurisprudence and Hegel’s legal philosophy on how to compile the civil code is the manifestation of the essential opposition between them on the essence of law. Through criticizing the historical jurisprudence, Marx concluded that it should return from history to reality; critique Hegel’s philosophy of law based on the relationship between philosophy and reality. The core of human rights, namely “private property”, is the key link of Marx’s transition from political criticism to civil society criticism, and finally sublimates to “universal human liberation”. Freedom takes precedence over the highest value justice in the field of law, thus forming Marx’s unique analytical paradigm of law criticism.