Science and technology are the primary productive forces and are the source and engine of a nation's prosperity.The development of science and technology is inseparable from human invention and design.Cognition of invention and design is an issue which is easily misunderstood and neglected.There is some correlation between them in the connotative classification,theoretical basis,the working mode and the evaluation criteria.At the same time,there are a lot of differences between them.Even they take each other as the driving force,and there is interdependence and interpromotion between them,there exist "independency" and "individuality" between them,and they are not indispensible from each other.