Objective:To study the relationship between the trait self-esteem and the anxiety. Methods:317 undergraduates were assessed by the Self-Liking/Self-Competence Scale(SLCS), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale and the Trait Anxiety Inventory. Statistical methods used were product-moment correlation analysis and regression analysis. Results:The scores of the trait self-esteem, self-liking and self-competence are in significantly negative correlation with the trait anxiety and the self-rating anxiety respectively. The trait self-esteem can explain 28.0%, 32.1% of the variance of the trait anxiety and the self-rating anxiety respectively; Self-liking can explain 27.5%, 31.1% of the variance of the trait anxiety and the self-rating anxiety respectively; Self-competence can explain 21.3%, 24.8% of the variance of the trait anxiety and the self-rating anxiety respectively, and vice vesa. Conclusion:Compared with self-competence, self-liking can predict anxiety better. Compared with the trait-anxiety-missing, the correlation coefficient of the self-competence and the trait-anxiety-existing was higher.