Hebei Province, as a major agricultural province, actively responds to the State Council's proposal for the "strictest water resource management system" and fully implements the "three red lines" assessment basis. Southern Hebei is the main planting area of crops in Hebei Province. This article takes southern Hebei as the research area, combines the current situation of water resources in Hebei province, and conducts a spatial-temporal analysis of the drought situation in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region based on the improved TVDI model. The results show that under the condition that the inter-annual precipitation variation is not obvious, the severe drought area of agricultural land increased sharply in 2013. Based on the above analysis, this paper focuses on the adjustment of agricultural planting structure in southern Hebei province under the "strictest water resources management system", so as to provide auxiliary support for the future agricultural sustainable development and irrigation and water-saving planting system.