As the main place for talent training, colleges and universities shoulder the responsibility and mission of cultivating high-quality talents for the country. However, colleges and universities still have certain problems in the construction of professional curriculum system. "Fostering people" is the task of higher education in our country, and improving students' professional skills and higher abilities is an important content of the teaching work of colleges and universities. Therefore, higher education must focus on improving students' higher abilities to carry out teaching work. The concept of "advanced ability" is an important means of cultivating students' professional ability under the current new situation. In order to optimize the curriculum system of colleges and universities, cultivating students' professional ability plays a very important role. College students have different advanced ability development at each stage of growth. Therefore, it is necessary to construct the curriculum according to the students’ higher ability development needs. At present, the professional courses of colleges and universities mainly include the content of service, research and innovation and training, and gradually form a "tower-type advanced" curriculum system. This article first analyzes the necessity of building a professional curriculum system for college students based on the tower type, then points out the specific perfect content, and finally puts forward safeguard measures, hoping to improve the current teaching system construction and export high-quality talents to the country.