Since the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee first put forward the major proposition of realizing the modernization of both national governance system and governance capacity, it endows citizens with new era characteristics and development power in participating politic orderly, and then Marxist theory of state political system construction and state governance has entered a new stage of development. In the new era, we should deeply analyze the dilemmas existing in the development of the path of orderly political participation of citizens, actively innovate and develop socialist democracy with Chinese characteristics, and build a good pattern in which the modernization of national governance and the orderly political participation of citizens promote each other, to continue consolidating and developing the theoretical and practical achievements of the modernization of state governance and make unremitting efforts to realize the modernization of socialism with Chinese characteristics.