The construction of practical innovation system is an important support to achieve the goal of talent cultivation. By analyzing the current situation and existing problems of practical teaching, this paper constructs an experiment-training-application teaching system with progressive and whole-process practice and innovation, so that the reform ideas, principles and teaching objectives are defined; the teaching content of practical and innovative ability is clarified. Besides, this paper designs the three cultivating stages, namely, experiment, training, and application, respectively. In addition, teaching modules, such as discipline competitions, innovation projects, graduation design, ect., are implemented in this study. After the implementation of this teaching system, students’ abilities in practice and innovation have been significantly improved, and a large number of innovative achievements have emerged, which strongly supports the achievement of teaching objectives.