The theory of Chinese path to modernization is the latest development of the theory of Socialism with Chinese characteristics. In this sense, constructing a corresponding Chinese discourse system is an important task to develop the theory of Chinese path to modernization in the new era. From the perspective of discourse value, the construction of discourse system of Chinese path to modernization is conducive to providing discourse support and assistance for refuting the discourse challenge from western society, shaping the good image of Chinese path to modernization, and promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. Therefore, such discourse value is direction-oriented. From the perspective of discourse history, the discourse of Chinese path to modernization has gone through the context of different historical stages such as revolution, construction, reform, and the new era, so that its history has demonstrated the function of gene coagulation. From the perspective of discourse practice, the construction of discourse system of Chinese path to modernization highlights the effective interaction between the mass practice of crossing the river by feeling the stones and the party practice of top-level design. In this vein, the discourse practice reflects the function of rebirth. Accordingly, the construction of the three dimensions of the discourse system of Chinese path to modernization can help enhance the discourse confidence in the modernization of the society with Chinese characteristics, thus further promoting the construction of a powerful socialist modernization country.