Traditionally, agriculture is considered as the foundation of Chinese society. In this sense, the agriculture in the Pre-Qin period plays an essential role in China’s agricultural development. Accordingly, the agricultural science and technology in this period has greatly promoted the development of social productivity and ancient Chinese agriculture. Actually, the research on the Pre-Qin agricultural technology is based on two sources, namely, the historical materials in existence and unearthed documents; however, the majority of current studies focus on the former and neglect the latter. Under such a background, this paper aims to shift the attention of the academic community to the unearthed materials. By means of analyzing the research status, content, and value, this paper also calls for the academic circle to expand and deepen relevant studies continuously, thus presenting the scientific and technological achievements of ancient working people from various perspectives. Additionally, this paper hopes to provide some reference for the study of ancient Chinese civilization as well as the process of agricultural modernization in China.