The installation of elevators in old residential buildings plays a positive role in solving the difficulties faced by the elderly, weak, sick, and young when going up and down stairs, improving the functionality of residences, and enhancing the living quality of ordinary people. However, in practice, there are issues with inconsistent court rulings on such cases, improper citation of legal basis for compensation claims, and confusion regarding defense arguments. The main dilemma in these judgments arises from disputes over compensation for damages caused by adjacent relationships under the Civil Code.In comparison with traditional adjacent relationships, new types of adjacent relationships represented by the installation of elevators in old residential buildings involve both public and private law aspects.Therefore, it is necessary for the state to protect the compensation claims rights of owners on lower floors; the legal basis for compensation claims should be analogously applied according to Article 117 "public law compensatory right" of the Civil Code while adopting a no-fault liability principle; signing an informed consent letter prior to elevator installation can be considered as "victim’s consent" under Article 1176 of the Civil Code; third-party evaluation costs related to property depreciation should be borne by the state.