This paper analyzes the concept and necessity of the national governance system with Chinese characteristics, and studies its formation process on the basis of factor aggregation and structure generation. Finally, based on the current situation of the times, this paper puts forward effective measures for the construction and development of the governance system. In order to make the governance system more scientific and improve the governance performance, we should establish the basic concept of national governance, mobilize various forces to participate in the construction, and strengthen the construction of the party's governance capacity.