Curriculum ideology and politics is a necessary requirement to improve and strengthen the ideological and political education in colleges and universities. Therefore, it is a necessary tendency to integrate professional courses and ideological and political education harmoniously in the reform of curriculum ideology and politics. Due to its practical nature, it is challenging to implement ideological and political course reform in civil engineering; therefore, effective programs are needed for the teaching reform of specialized courses. Combined with the entire teaching process of road survey and design, this paper thoroughly examines the ideological and political elements by choosing a variety of dimensions and angles, optimizes the course’s content and delivery strategies, and uses both online and offline practical teaching to achieve the organic integration of ideological and political elements and professional courses. Based on outcome-based education (OBE), the principle of effect evaluation is introduced to build the entire "curriculum ideological and political" teaching theory system of mining—integrating—assessing. This teaching theory system acts as a guide for the reform in civil engineering teaching, thus promoting the diversification of political and ideological reform in college curriculum.